Zinc telluride (ZnTe), thepa ea bohlokoa ea semiconductor ea II-VI, e sebelisoa haholo ho fumaneng infrared, lisele tsa letsatsi, le lisebelisoa tsa optoelectronic. Tsoelo-pele ea morao tjena theknolojing ea nanotechnology le k'hemistri e tala e ntlafalitse tlhahiso ea eona. Ka tlase ke lits'ebetso tsa tlhahiso ea ZnTe tse kholo tsa hajoale le liparamente tsa bohlokoa, ho kenyeletsoa mekhoa ea setso le lintlafatso tsa sejoale-joale:
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I. Ts'ebetso ea Tlhahiso ea Setso (Ts'ebetso e Otlolohileng)
1. Tokisetso ea Lisebelisoa tse Tala
• Zinc e hloekileng haholo (Zn) le tellurium (Te): Purity ≥99.999% (sehlopha sa 5N), e kopantsoe ka karolelano ea molar ea 1:1.
• Khase e sireletsang: Argon e hloekileng haholo (Ar) kapa naetrojene (N₂) ho thibela oxidation.
2. Phallo ea Ts'ebetso
• Mohato oa 1: Ho qhibilihisa ka vacuum
o Kopanya phofo ea Zn le Te ka har'a tube ea quartz ebe u e fetisetsa ho ≤10⁻³ Pa.
o Lenaneo la ho futhumatsa: Futhumatsa ho 5–10°C/min ho isa ho 500–700°C, e tšoarelle lihora tse 4–6.
o Tekanyo ea karabelo:Zn+Te→ΔZnTeZn+TeΔZnTe
• Mohato oa 2: Ho bokella
o Kenya sehlahisoa se tala mochesong oa 400–500°C ka lihora tse 2-3 ho fokotsa liphoso tsa lattice.
• Mohato oa 3: Ho Sila le ho Sila
o Sebelisa lelwala la bolo ho sila thepa e ngata ho fihlela boholo ba karoloana e reriloeng (ho sila bolo e nang le matla a mangata bakeng sa nanoscale).
3. Liparamente tsa Bohlokoa
• Ho nepahala ha taolo ea mocheso: ±5°C
• Sekhahla sa ho phodisa: 2–5°C/min (ho qoba mapetso a kgatello ya mocheso)
• Boholo ba dikarolwana tsa thepa e tala: Zn (matlou a 100–200), Te (matlou a 200–300)
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II. Mokhoa o Ntlafalitsoeng oa Sejoale-joale (Mokhoa oa Solvothermal)
Mokhoa oa solvothermal ke mokhoa o ka sehloohong oa ho hlahisa ZnTe ea nanoscale, o fanang ka melemo e kang boholo ba likaroloana tse laoloang le tšebeliso e tlase ea matla.
1. Lisebelisoa tse tala le metsoako e qhibilihang
• Li-precursor: Zinc nitrate (Zn(NO₃)₂) le sodium tellurite (Na₂TeO₃) kapa phofo ea tellurium (Te).
• Disebediswa tse fokotsang: Hydrazine hydrate (N₂H₄·H₂O) kapa sodium borohydride (NaBH₄).
• Dihlapolli: Ethylenediamine (EDA) kapa metsi a se nang diion (metsi a DI).
2. Phallo ea Ts'ebetso
• Mohato oa 1: Ho Qhibiliha ha Selelekela
o Qhibilihisa Zn(NO₃)₂ le Na₂TeO₃ ka karolelano ea molar ea 1:1 ka har'a solvent tlas'a ho hlohlelletsa.
• Mohato oa 2: Karabelo ea Phokotso
o Kenya sesebelisoa sa ho fokotsa (mohlala, N₂H₄·H₂O) ebe o tiisa ka har'a autoclave e nang le khatello e phahameng.
Maemo a karabelo:
Mocheso: 180–220°C
Nako: Lihora tse 12–24
Khatello: E iketsahalla ka boyona (3–5 MPa)
o Tekanyo ea karabelo:Zn2++TeO32−+Moemeli ea fokotsang→ZnTe+Lihlahisoa tse ling (mohlala, H₂O, N₂)Zn2++TeO32−+Moemeli ea fokotsang→ZnTe+Lihlahisoa tse ling (mohlala, H₂O, N₂)Zn2++TeO32−+Moemeli ea fokotsang→ZnTe+Lihlahisoa tse ling (mohlala, H₂O, N₂)
• Mohato oa 3: Kamora kalafo
o Sentrifuge ho arola sehlahisoa, hlatsoa ka makhetlo a 3-5 ka ethanol le metsi a DI.
o Omisa ka tlas'a vacuum cleaner (60–80°C ka lihora tse 4–6).
3. Liparamente tsa Bohlokoa
• Khakanyo ea pele ho sesupo: 0.1–0.5 mol/L
• Taolo ea pH: 9–11 (maemo a alkaline a rata karabelo)
• Taolo ea boholo ba likaroloana: Fetola ka mofuta oa solvent (mohlala, EDA e hlahisa lithapo tse nyane; karolo ea metsi e hlahisa likaroloana tse nyane).
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III. Mekhoa e meng e Tsoetseng Pele
1. Ho Ntša Mouoane ka Lik'hemik'hale (CVD)
• Tšebeliso: Tokisetso ea filimi e tšesaane (mohlala, lisele tsa letsatsi).
• Di-precursor: Diethylzinc (Zn(C₂H₅)₂) le diethyltellurium (Te(C₂H₅)₂).
• Liparamente:
o Mocheso oa ho tlosa: 350–450°C
o Khase e tsamaisang: Motsoako oa H₂/Ar (sekhahla sa phallo: 50–100 sccm)
o Kgatelelo: 10⁻²–10⁻³ Torr
2. Ho Kopanya ka Mechine (Ho Sila Libolo)
• Likarolo: Ha e na solvent, tlhahiso ea mocheso o tlase.
• Liparamente:
o Karolelano ea bolo ho phofo: 10:1
Nako ea ho sila: lihora tse 20–40
o Lebelo la ho potoloha: 300–500 rpm
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IV. Taolo ea Boleng le Tlhahlobo ea Litšobotsi
1. Tlhahlobo ea bohloeki: X-ray diffraction (XRD) bakeng sa sebopeho sa kristale (tlhōrō e kholo ho 2θ ≈25.3°).
2. Taolo ea sebopeho: Microscopy ea elektrone ea phetisetso (TEM) bakeng sa boholo ba nanoparticle (e tloaelehileng: 10–50 nm).
3. Karolelano ea lintho tsa motheo: Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) kapa inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) ho netefatsa Zn ≈1:1.
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V. Mehopolo ea Polokeho le Tikoloho
1. Kalafo ea khase e litšila: Monya H₂Te ka litharollo tsa alkaline (mohlala, NaOH).
2. Ho fumana di-solvent: Ho sebedisa di-solvent tsa tlhaho hape (mohlala, EDA) ka ho di ntsha.
3. Mehato ea tšireletso: Sebelisa limaske tsa khase (bakeng sa tšireletso ea H₂Te) le liatlana tse hanelang mafome.
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VI. Mekhoa ea Theknoloji
• Ho kopanya lintho tse tala: Hlahisa litsamaiso tsa mekhahlelo ea metsi ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea li-solvent tsa tlhaho.
• Phetoho ea doping: Ntlafatsa conductivity ka ho doping ka Cu, Ag, jj.
• Tlhahiso e kgolo: Amohela di-reactor tse phallang ka nako e telele ho fihlella dihlopha tsa boholo ba kg.
Nako ea poso: Hlakubele-21-2025