Ithute ka Bismuth

Bismuth ke tšepe e 'mala o mosoeu ho isa ho pinki e brittle ebile e bonolo ho pshatla. Lintho tsa eona tsa lik'hemik'hale li batla li tsitsitse. Bismuth e teng ka tlhaho ka mokhoa oa tšepe le liminerale tse sa lefelloeng.
1. [Tlhaho]
Bismuth e hloekileng ke tšepe e bonolo, ha bismuth e sa hloekang eona e brittle. E tsitsitse mocheso oa kamore. Metsoako ea eona e ka sehloohong ke bismuthinite (Bi2S5) le bismuth ocher (Bi2o5). Mokelikeli oa bismuth oa hola ha o tiisitsoe.
E brittle 'me ha e sebetse hantle ka motlakase le mocheso. Bismuth selenide le telluride li na le thepa ea semiconductor.
Bismuth metal ke silvery white (pinki) ho khantša tšepe e khanyang e mosehla, e brittle ebile e bonolo ho e pshatla; ka mocheso oa kamore, bismuth ha e sebetsane le oksijene kapa metsi 'me e tsitsitse moeeng. E na le conductivity e fokolang ea motlakase le ea mocheso; Bismuth pele e ne e nkoa e le ntho e tsitsitseng ka ho fetisisa e nang le boima ba athomo e kholo ka ho fetisisa, empa ka 2003, ho ile ha fumanoa hore bismuth e na le mahlaseli a fokolang a mahlaseli a kotsi 'me e ka bola hore e be thallium-205 ka α decay . Halofo ea bophelo ba eona e ka ba lilemo tse 1.9X10^19, e leng makhetlo a 1 bilione ho feta bophelo ba bokahohle.
2. Kopo
semiconductor
Likarolo tsa semiconductor tse entsoeng ka ho kopanya bismuth e phahameng ea bohloeki le tellurium, selenium, antimony, joalo-joalo le likristale tse hulang li sebelisoa bakeng sa thermocouples, tlhahiso ea matla a thermoelectric e tlaase le thermorefrigeration. Li sebelisetsoa ho kopanya li-air conditioner le lihatsetsi. Artificial bismuth sulfide e ka sebelisoa ho etsa photoresistors ka lisebelisoa tsa photoelectric ho eketsa kutlo sebakeng se bonahalang sa spectrum.
Indasteri ea Nyutlelie
Bismuth ea boleng bo holimo e sebelisoa joalo ka sepalangoang sa mocheso kapa se pholisang ka har'a li-reactor tsa indasteri ea nyutlelie hape e le sesebelisoa sa ho sireletsa lisebelisoa tsa ho fission tsa athomo.
Li-ceramics tsa elektroniki
Li-ceramics tsa elektronike tse nang le Bismuth tse kang likristale tsa bismuth germanate ke mofuta o mocha oa likristale tse scintillating tse sebelisoang ha ho etsoa lisebelisoa tsa mahlaseli a nyutlelie , li- X-ray tomography scanners , electro-optics, lasers piezoelectric le lisebelisoa tse ling; bismuth calcium vanadium (pomegranate ferrite ke ntho ea bohlokoa ea microwave gyromagnetic material and magnetic cladding material), bismuth oxide-doped zinc oxide varistors , bismuth-containing boundary layer high-frequency ceramic capacitor , tin-bismuth permanent magnets , bismuth tistanate ceramics likristale tsa silicate, khalase ea fusible e nang le bismuth le lisebelisoa tse ling tse fetang 10 le tsona li se li qalile ho sebelisoa indastering.
Phekolo ea meriana
Metsoako ea Bismuth e na le litlamorao tsa astringency, antidiarrhea, le kalafo ea dyspepsia ea mala. Bismuth subcarbonate, bismuth subnitrate, le potassium bismuth subrubberate li sebelisoa ho etsa meriana ea mala. Phello ea astringent ea lithethefatsi tsa bismuth e sebelisoa ts'ebetsong ho phekola leqeba le ho emisa ho tsoa mali. Ka radiotherapy, ho sebelisoa li-alloys tse thehiloeng ho bismuth sebakeng sa aluminium ho etsa lipoleiti tse sireletsang bakuli ho thibela likarolo tse ling tsa 'mele hore li se ke tsa pepesehela mahlaseli. Ka nts'etsopele ea lithethefatsi tsa bismuth, ho fumanoe hore lithethefatsi tse ling tsa bismuth li na le litlamorao tse khahlanong le mofetše.
Metallurgical Additives
Ho eketsa palo ea li-bismuth ho tšepe ho ka ntlafatsa thepa ea ts'ebetso ea tšepe, 'me ho eketsa palo ea li-bismuth ho tšepe ea tšepe e bonolo ho ka etsa hore e be le thepa e tšoanang le ea tšepe e sa hloekang.